In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Maven on Ubuntu using apt. In Java projects, Maven is primarily used to automate build processes. Java libraries and Maven plug-ins are dynamically downloaded from one or more repositories such as the Maven 2 Central Repository and cached locally. Artifacts created by local projects can also be added to this local cache of downloaded artifacts. Pubic repositories may also be updated.
Prerequisites
- A local development or server environment setup. You can look at the following guide to set up your local environment.
- Have a Java JDK installed. You can refer to the How To Install Java OpenJDK On Ubuntu 20
Step 1 — Update your package index
In this step, we are going to update our current package index.
Run the following command to update your current package index:
sudo apt update
You'll see the following output:
Hit:1 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Hit:2 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ethereum/ethereum/ubuntu focal InRelease
Hit:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease [114 kB]
Hit:7 https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/ms-teams stable InRelease
Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease [108 kB]
Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease [114 kB]
Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main Sources [462 kB]
Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/restricted Sources [32.9 kB]
Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 Packages [1,580 kB]
Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main i386 Packages [604 kB]
Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main Translation-en [304 kB]
Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [280 kB]
Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [810 kB]
Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/restricted Translation-en [115 kB]
Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe i386 Packages [667 kB]
Get:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 Packages [904 kB]
Get:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [391 kB]
Get:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [940 B]
Get:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [7,980 B]
Get:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [23.7 kB]
Get:24 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [40.7 kB]
Get:25 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [66.2 kB]
Get:26 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [2,464 B]
99% [18 Packages store 0 B] 733 kB/s 0s
Step 2 — Install Apache Maven
In this step, we are going to install the package onto our system using apt.
Run the following command to install apache maven:
sudo apt install maven
You'll see output similar to the following output:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libllvm11 libllvm11:i386 shim
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
libaopalliance-java libatinject-jsr330-api-java libcdi-api-java
libcommons-cli-java libgeronimo-annotation-1.3-spec-java
libgeronimo-interceptor-3.0-spec-java libguava-java libguice-java
libhawtjni-runtime-java libjansi-java libjansi-native-java libjsr305-java
libmaven-parent-java libmaven-resolver-java libmaven-shared-utils-java
libmaven3-core-java libplexus-cipher-java libplexus-classworlds-java
libplexus-component-annotations-java libplexus-interpolation-java
libplexus-sec-dispatcher-java libplexus-utils2-java libsisu-inject-java
libsisu-plexus-java libslf4j-java libwagon-file-java
libwagon-http-shaded-java libwagon-provider-api-java
Suggested packages:
libaopalliance-java-doc libatinject-jsr330-api-java-doc libservlet3.1-java
libasm-java libcglib-java libjsr305-java-doc libmaven-shared-utils-java-doc
liblogback-java libplexus-cipher-java-doc libplexus-classworlds-java-doc
libplexus-sec-dispatcher-java-doc libplexus-utils2-java-doc testng
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libaopalliance-java libatinject-jsr330-api-java libcdi-api-java
libcommons-cli-java libgeronimo-annotation-1.3-spec-java
libgeronimo-interceptor-3.0-spec-java libguava-java libguice-java
libhawtjni-runtime-java libjansi-java libjansi-native-java libjsr305-java
libmaven-parent-java libmaven-resolver-java libmaven-shared-utils-java
libmaven3-core-java libplexus-cipher-java libplexus-classworlds-java
libplexus-component-annotations-java libplexus-interpolation-java
libplexus-sec-dispatcher-java libplexus-utils2-java libsisu-inject-java
libsisu-plexus-java libslf4j-java libwagon-file-java
libwagon-http-shaded-java libwagon-provider-api-java maven
0 upgraded, 29 newly installed, 0 to remove and 59 not upgraded.
Need to get 8,537 kB of archives.
After this operation, 11.2 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
Type Y in your terminal input to download the package and all required dependencies
Step 3 - Configure Environment Variables
In this step, we are going to configure environment variables. The applications we run often use the M2_HOME environment variable to determine the maven installation path.
Modify the contents of the following file: $HOME/.profile using your favorite text editor for this example we are using vi:
vi $HOME/.profile
Once the text file opens up in the terminal window, add the following lines to the end of the file:
M2_HOME="/usr/share/maven"
MAVEN_HOME="/usr/share/maven"
export PATH=${M2_HOME}/bin:${PATH}
Save the file contents and quit the text editor.
Load the environment variables using the source command:
source $HOME/.profile
Verify that the environment variable is set by running the following command:
echo $M2_HOME
You'll see output similar to the following output:
/usr/share/maven
Step 4 — Verify Maven Installation
In this step, we are going to verify that our installation was successful.
Run the following command to verify that the package was successfully installed:
mvn -version
You'll see output similar to the following output:
Apache Maven 3.6.3
Maven home: /usr/share/maven
Java version: 11.0.13, vendor: Ubuntu, runtime: /usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "5.4.0-99-generic", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"
Conclusion
In this article, you should have installed the maven package, set the environment variables required for use by other applications, and verified your installation.
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